Which term refers to information that can impact a witness's credibility?

The term that refers to information impacting a witness's credibility is known as Giglio material. This type of evidence must be disclosed by the prosecution to the defense if it could affect the reliability of a witness's testimony. Giglio material typically includes information about any deals or incentives given to a witness, as well as any prior misconduct or criminal history that could undermine their credibility. This obligation arises from the principle that defendants have the right to a fair trial, which includes knowing about any factors that may cast doubt on the trustworthiness of the prosecution's witnesses.

In contrast, Brady material pertains to evidence that is favorable to the defendant, which the prosecution must disclose, but it specifically focuses on exculpatory evidence rather than information affecting credibility directly. Discovery refers to the process through which both parties in a legal case exchange information, which may include various types of evidence but is a broader term than either Giglio or Brady. An affidavit is a sworn statement that presents facts but does not necessarily relate to the credibility of a witness in legal proceedings.